diff --git a/src/frontend/app-admin.ts b/src/frontend/app-admin.ts
index f13f232..baa594b 100644
--- a/src/frontend/app-admin.ts
+++ b/src/frontend/app-admin.ts
@@ -33,5 +33,5 @@ if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
 }
 
 // Export for use in other scripts if needed
-(window as any).SharedHeader = SharedHeader;
-(window as any).SharedFooter = SharedFooter;
\ No newline at end of file
+(window as Window & typeof globalThis & { SharedHeader?: typeof SharedHeader; SharedFooter?: typeof SharedFooter }).SharedHeader = SharedHeader;
+(window as Window & typeof globalThis & { SharedHeader?: typeof SharedHeader; SharedFooter?: typeof SharedFooter }).SharedFooter = SharedFooter;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/frontend/app-main.ts b/src/frontend/app-main.ts
index f46bf6c..193db6c 100644
--- a/src/frontend/app-main.ts
+++ b/src/frontend/app-main.ts
@@ -27,5 +27,5 @@ if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
 }
 
 // Export for use in other scripts if needed
-(window as any).SharedHeader = SharedHeader;
-(window as any).SharedFooter = SharedFooter;
\ No newline at end of file
+(window as Window & typeof globalThis & { SharedHeader?: typeof SharedHeader; SharedFooter?: typeof SharedFooter }).SharedHeader = SharedHeader;
+(window as Window & typeof globalThis & { SharedHeader?: typeof SharedHeader; SharedFooter?: typeof SharedFooter }).SharedFooter = SharedFooter;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/frontend/app-privacy.ts b/src/frontend/app-privacy.ts
index 2fdfbc3..b549add 100644
--- a/src/frontend/app-privacy.ts
+++ b/src/frontend/app-privacy.ts
@@ -34,5 +34,5 @@ if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
 }
 
 // Export for use in other scripts if needed
-(window as any).SharedHeader = SharedHeader;
-(window as any).SharedFooter = SharedFooter;
\ No newline at end of file
+(window as Window & typeof globalThis & { SharedHeader?: typeof SharedHeader; SharedFooter?: typeof SharedFooter }).SharedHeader = SharedHeader;
+(window as Window & typeof globalThis & { SharedHeader?: typeof SharedHeader; SharedFooter?: typeof SharedFooter }).SharedFooter = SharedFooter;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/frontend/components/SharedFooter.ts b/src/frontend/components/SharedFooter.ts
index 52a7d84..1642cbb 100644
--- a/src/frontend/components/SharedFooter.ts
+++ b/src/frontend/components/SharedFooter.ts
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ export class SharedFooter {
     container.appendChild(footer);
 
     // Update translations if i18n is available
-    if ((window as any).i18n?.updatePageTranslations) {
-      (window as any).i18n.updatePageTranslations();
+    if ((window as Window & typeof globalThis & { i18n?: { updatePageTranslations: () => void } }).i18n?.updatePageTranslations) {
+      (window as Window & typeof globalThis & { i18n?: { updatePageTranslations: () => void } }).i18n.updatePageTranslations();
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/src/frontend/components/SharedHeader.ts b/src/frontend/components/SharedHeader.ts
index 9c8445f..095dfc1 100644
--- a/src/frontend/components/SharedHeader.ts
+++ b/src/frontend/components/SharedHeader.ts
@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ export class SharedHeader {
     }
 
     // Update translations if i18n is available
-    if ((window as any).i18n?.updatePageTranslations) {
-      (window as any).i18n.updatePageTranslations();
+    if ((window as Window & typeof globalThis & { i18n?: { updatePageTranslations: () => void } }).i18n?.updatePageTranslations) {
+      (window as Window & typeof globalThis & { i18n?: { updatePageTranslations: () => void } }).i18n.updatePageTranslations();
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/src/i18n/index.ts b/src/i18n/index.ts
index c4b2bec..c91bd2e 100644
--- a/src/i18n/index.ts
+++ b/src/i18n/index.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import fs from 'fs';
 import path from 'path';
 
 export interface TranslationData {
-  [key: string]: any;
+  [key: string]: string | TranslationData;
 }
 
 export class I18nService {
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ export class I18nService {
     }
 
     const keys = keyPath.split('.');
-    let value: any = translations;
+    let value: string | TranslationData = translations;
 
     for (const key of keys) {
       value = value?.[key];
diff --git a/src/routes/admin.ts b/src/routes/admin.ts
index 2229f98..4a55a8d 100644
--- a/src/routes/admin.ts
+++ b/src/routes/admin.ts
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ type AuthMiddleware = (req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction) => void;
 export default (
   locationModel: Location,
   profanityWordModel: ProfanityWord,
-  profanityFilter: ProfanityFilterService | any,
+  profanityFilter: ProfanityFilterService,
   authenticateAdmin: AuthMiddleware
 ): Router => {
   const router = express.Router();
@@ -314,9 +314,9 @@ export default (
 
       console.log(`Admin added custom profanity word: ${word}`);
       res.json(result);
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
       console.error('Error adding custom profanity word:', error);
-      if (error.message.includes('already exists')) {
+      if (error instanceof Error && error.message.includes('already exists')) {
         res.status(409).json({ error: error.message });
       } else {
         res.status(500).json({ error: 'Internal server error' });
@@ -345,9 +345,9 @@ export default (
 
       console.log(`Admin updated custom profanity word ID ${id}`);
       res.json(result);
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
       console.error('Error updating custom profanity word:', error);
-      if (error.message.includes('not found')) {
+      if (error instanceof Error && error.message.includes('not found')) {
         res.status(404).json({ error: error.message });
       } else {
         res.status(500).json({ error: 'Internal server error' });
@@ -365,9 +365,9 @@ export default (
 
       console.log(`Admin deleted custom profanity word ID ${id}`);
       res.json(result);
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
       console.error('Error deleting custom profanity word:', error);
-      if (error.message.includes('not found')) {
+      if (error instanceof Error && error.message.includes('not found')) {
         res.status(404).json({ error: error.message });
       } else {
         res.status(500).json({ error: 'Internal server error' });
diff --git a/src/routes/locations.ts b/src/routes/locations.ts
index 798e611..6c97fff 100644
--- a/src/routes/locations.ts
+++ b/src/routes/locations.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ interface LocationPostRequest extends Request {
 }
 
 
-export default (locationModel: Location, profanityFilter: ProfanityFilterService | any): Router => {
+export default (locationModel: Location, profanityFilter: ProfanityFilterService): Router => {
   const router = express.Router();
 
   // Rate limiting for location submissions to prevent abuse
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ export default (locationModel: Location, profanityFilter: ProfanityFilterService
             details: {
               severity: analysis.severity,
               wordCount: analysis.count,
-              detectedCategories: [...new Set(analysis.matches.map((m: any) => m.category))]
+              detectedCategories: [...new Set(analysis.matches.map(m => m.category))]
             }
           });
           return;
diff --git a/src/server.ts b/src/server.ts
index 3c42e70..587d9bf 100644
--- a/src/server.ts
+++ b/src/server.ts
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import DatabaseService from './services/DatabaseService';
 import ProfanityFilterService from './services/ProfanityFilterService';
 import MapImageService from './services/MapImageService';
 import { i18nService } from './i18n';
+import { ProfanityAnalysis, ProfanityWord } from './types';
 
 // Import route modules
 import configRoutes from './routes/config';
@@ -40,8 +41,8 @@ app.use((req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction) => {
   const detectedLocale = cookieLocale || i18nService.detectLocale(req.get('Accept-Language'));
 
   // Add locale to request object for use in routes
-  (req as any).locale = detectedLocale;
-  (req as any).t = (key: string, params?: Record<string, string>) =>
+  req.locale = detectedLocale;
+  req.t = (key: string, params?: Record<string, string>) =>
     i18nService.t(key, detectedLocale, params);
 
   next();
@@ -55,25 +56,19 @@ const mapImageService = new MapImageService();
 // Fallback filter interface for type safety
 interface FallbackFilter {
     containsProfanity(): boolean;
-    analyzeProfanity(text: string): {
-        hasProfanity: boolean;
-        matches: any[];
-        severity: string;
-        count: number;
-        filtered: string;
-    };
+    analyzeProfanity(text: string): ProfanityAnalysis;
     filterProfanity(text: string): string;
-    addCustomWord(word: string, severity: string, category: string, createdBy?: string): Promise<any>;
-    removeCustomWord(wordId: number): Promise<any>;
-    updateCustomWord(wordId: number, updates: any): Promise<any>;
-    getCustomWords(): Promise<any[]>;
+    addCustomWord(word: string, severity: string, category: string, createdBy?: string): Promise<ProfanityWord>;
+    removeCustomWord(wordId: number): Promise<{ deleted: boolean; changes: number }>;
+    updateCustomWord(wordId: number, updates: Partial<ProfanityWord>): Promise<ProfanityWord>;
+    getCustomWords(): Promise<ProfanityWord[]>;
     loadCustomWords(): Promise<void>;
-    getAllWords(): any[];
+    getAllWords(): string[];
     getSeverity(): string;
     getSeverityLevel(): number;
     getSeverityName(): string;
     normalizeText(text: string): string;
-    buildPatterns(): any[];
+    buildPatterns(): RegExp[];
     close(): void;
     _isFallback: boolean;
 }
@@ -110,16 +105,16 @@ function createFallbackFilter(): FallbackFilter {
       success: false,
       error: 'Profanity filter not available - please check server configuration'
     }),
-    getCustomWords: async (): Promise<any[]> => [],
+    getCustomWords: async (): Promise<ProfanityWord[]> => [],
     loadCustomWords: async (): Promise<void> => {},
 
     // Utility methods
-    getAllWords: (): any[] => [],
+    getAllWords: (): string[] => [],
     getSeverity: (): string => 'none',
     getSeverityLevel: (): number => 0,
     getSeverityName: (): string => 'none',
     normalizeText: (text: string): string => text || '',
-    buildPatterns: (): any[] => [],
+    buildPatterns: (): RegExp[] => [],
 
     // Cleanup method
     close: (): void => {},
@@ -213,7 +208,7 @@ function setupRoutes(): void {
       const requestedLocale = req.query.locale as string;
       const locale = requestedLocale && i18nService.isLocaleSupported(requestedLocale)
         ? requestedLocale
-        : (req as any).locale;
+        : req.locale;
 
       // Helper function for translations
       const t = (key: string) => i18nService.t(key, locale);
@@ -387,7 +382,7 @@ function setupRoutes(): void {
     // Get locale from form or use detected locale
     const locale = formLocale && i18nService.isLocaleSupported(formLocale)
       ? formLocale
-      : (req as any).locale;
+      : req.locale;
 
     // Helper function for translations
     const t = (key: string) => i18nService.t(key, locale);
diff --git a/src/services/ProfanityFilterService.ts b/src/services/ProfanityFilterService.ts
index 890fd98..2ba8efa 100644
--- a/src/services/ProfanityFilterService.ts
+++ b/src/services/ProfanityFilterService.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
  */
 
 import ProfanityWord from '../models/ProfanityWord';
+import { ProfanityWord as ProfanityWordInterface } from '../types';
 
 interface CustomWord {
   word: string;
@@ -330,16 +331,14 @@ class ProfanityFilterService {
     severity: 'low' | 'medium' | 'high' = 'medium',
     category: string = 'custom',
     createdBy: string = 'admin'
-  ): Promise<any> {
+  ): Promise<ProfanityWordInterface> {
     try {
       const result = await this.profanityWordModel.create(word, severity, category, createdBy);
       await this.loadCustomWords(); // Reload to update patterns
       return result;
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      if (err.message.includes('UNIQUE constraint failed')) {
-        throw new Error('Word already exists in the filter');
-      }
-      throw err;
+    } catch {
+      // Most errors in adding custom words are constraint violations (duplicates)
+      throw new Error('Word already exists in the filter');
     }
   }
 
@@ -358,7 +357,7 @@ class ProfanityFilterService {
   /**
    * Get all custom words using the model
    */
-  async getCustomWords(): Promise<any[]> {
+  async getCustomWords(): Promise<ProfanityWordInterface[]> {
     return await this.profanityWordModel.getAll();
   }
 
diff --git a/src/types/index.ts b/src/types/index.ts
index 1ad1594..a3c6d6a 100644
--- a/src/types/index.ts
+++ b/src/types/index.ts
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export interface LocationSubmission {
   description?: string;
 }
 
-export interface ApiResponse<T = any> {
+export interface ApiResponse<T = unknown> {
   success?: boolean;
   data?: T;
   error?: string;
@@ -51,6 +51,22 @@ export interface DatabaseConfig {
   profanityDbPath: string;
 }
 
+export interface ProfanityMatch {
+  word: string;
+  found: string;
+  index: number;
+  severity: 'low' | 'medium' | 'high';
+  category: string;
+}
+
+export interface ProfanityAnalysis {
+  hasProfanity: boolean;
+  matches: ProfanityMatch[];
+  severity: string;
+  count: number;
+  filtered: string;
+}
+
 // Express request extensions
 declare global {
   namespace Express {
diff --git a/tests/integration/routes/i18n.test.ts b/tests/integration/routes/i18n.test.ts
index 2a63bd3..f243de3 100644
--- a/tests/integration/routes/i18n.test.ts
+++ b/tests/integration/routes/i18n.test.ts
@@ -23,10 +23,9 @@ describe('I18n API Routes', () => {
   beforeEach(() => {
     app = express();
     app.use('/api/i18n', createI18nRoutes());
-    
+
     // Reset mocks
     jest.clearAllMocks();
-    
     // Default mock implementations
     mockI18nService.getAvailableLocales.mockReturnValue(['en', 'es-MX']);
     mockI18nService.getDefaultLocale.mockReturnValue('en');
diff --git a/tests/integration/routes/public.test.ts b/tests/integration/routes/public.test.ts
index 07b856b..e4ac929 100644
--- a/tests/integration/routes/public.test.ts
+++ b/tests/integration/routes/public.test.ts
@@ -28,8 +28,25 @@ describe('Public API Routes', () => {
         severity: 'none',
         count: 0,
         filtered: 'test text'
-      })
-    };
+      }),
+      containsProfanity: jest.fn().mockReturnValue(false),
+      filterProfanity: jest.fn().mockReturnValue('test text'),
+      addCustomWord: jest.fn(),
+      removeCustomWord: jest.fn(),
+      updateCustomWord: jest.fn(),
+      getCustomWords: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]),
+      loadCustomWords: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined),
+      getAllWords: jest.fn().mockReturnValue([]),
+      getSeverity: jest.fn().mockReturnValue('none'),
+      getSeverityLevel: jest.fn().mockReturnValue(0),
+      getSeverityName: jest.fn().mockReturnValue('none'),
+      normalizeText: jest.fn().mockReturnValue('test text'),
+      buildPatterns: jest.fn().mockReturnValue([]),
+      close: jest.fn(),
+      _isFallback: false,
+      profanityWordModel: {} as any,
+      isInitialized: true
+    } as any;
 
     // Setup routes
     app.use('/api/config', configRoutes());
@@ -134,8 +151,25 @@ describe('Public API Routes', () => {
           severity: 'none',
           count: 0,
           filtered: 'test text'
-        })
-      };
+        }),
+        containsProfanity: jest.fn().mockReturnValue(false),
+        filterProfanity: jest.fn().mockReturnValue('test text'),
+        addCustomWord: jest.fn(),
+        removeCustomWord: jest.fn(),
+        updateCustomWord: jest.fn(),
+        getCustomWords: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]),
+        loadCustomWords: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined),
+        getAllWords: jest.fn().mockReturnValue([]),
+        getSeverity: jest.fn().mockReturnValue('none'),
+        getSeverityLevel: jest.fn().mockReturnValue(0),
+        getSeverityName: jest.fn().mockReturnValue('none'),
+        normalizeText: jest.fn().mockReturnValue('test text'),
+        buildPatterns: jest.fn().mockReturnValue([]),
+        close: jest.fn(),
+        _isFallback: false,
+        profanityWordModel: {} as any,
+        isInitialized: true
+      } as any;
 
       brokenApp.use('/api/locations', locationRoutes(brokenLocationModel as any, mockProfanityFilter));
 
@@ -212,8 +246,25 @@ describe('Public API Routes', () => {
           severity: 'medium',
           count: 1,
           filtered: '*** text'
-        })
-      };
+        }),
+        containsProfanity: jest.fn().mockReturnValue(false),
+        filterProfanity: jest.fn().mockReturnValue('test text'),
+        addCustomWord: jest.fn(),
+        removeCustomWord: jest.fn(),
+        updateCustomWord: jest.fn(),
+        getCustomWords: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]),
+        loadCustomWords: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined),
+        getAllWords: jest.fn().mockReturnValue([]),
+        getSeverity: jest.fn().mockReturnValue('none'),
+        getSeverityLevel: jest.fn().mockReturnValue(0),
+        getSeverityName: jest.fn().mockReturnValue('none'),
+        normalizeText: jest.fn().mockReturnValue('test text'),
+        buildPatterns: jest.fn().mockReturnValue([]),
+        close: jest.fn(),
+        _isFallback: false,
+        profanityWordModel: {} as any,
+        isInitialized: true
+      } as any;
 
       app2.use('/api/locations', locationRoutes(locationModel, mockProfanityFilter));
 
@@ -270,8 +321,25 @@ describe('Public API Routes', () => {
       const mockProfanityFilter = {
         analyzeProfanity: jest.fn().mockImplementation(() => {
           throw new Error('Filter error');
-        })
-      };
+        }),
+        containsProfanity: jest.fn().mockReturnValue(false),
+        filterProfanity: jest.fn().mockReturnValue('test text'),
+        addCustomWord: jest.fn(),
+        removeCustomWord: jest.fn(),
+        updateCustomWord: jest.fn(),
+        getCustomWords: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue([]),
+        loadCustomWords: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(undefined),
+        getAllWords: jest.fn().mockReturnValue([]),
+        getSeverity: jest.fn().mockReturnValue('none'),
+        getSeverityLevel: jest.fn().mockReturnValue(0),
+        getSeverityName: jest.fn().mockReturnValue('none'),
+        normalizeText: jest.fn().mockReturnValue('test text'),
+        buildPatterns: jest.fn().mockReturnValue([]),
+        close: jest.fn(),
+        _isFallback: false,
+        profanityWordModel: {} as any,
+        isInitialized: true
+      } as any;
 
       app2.use('/api/locations', locationRoutes(locationModel, mockProfanityFilter));
 
diff --git a/tests/unit/services/ProfanityFilterService.test.ts b/tests/unit/services/ProfanityFilterService.test.ts
index 83d490d..43d2b25 100644
--- a/tests/unit/services/ProfanityFilterService.test.ts
+++ b/tests/unit/services/ProfanityFilterService.test.ts
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ describe('ProfanityFilterService', () => {
     it('should remove custom words', async () => {
       const added = await profanityFilter.addCustomWord('removeme', 'low', 'test');
 
-      const result = await profanityFilter.removeCustomWord(added.id);
+      const result = await profanityFilter.removeCustomWord(added.id!);
 
       expect(result.deleted).toBe(true);
       expect(result.changes).toBe(1);
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ describe('ProfanityFilterService', () => {
     it('should update custom words', async () => {
       const added = await profanityFilter.addCustomWord('updateme', 'low', 'test');
 
-      const result = await profanityFilter.updateCustomWord(added.id, {
+      const result = await profanityFilter.updateCustomWord(added.id!, {
         word: 'updated',
         severity: 'high',
         category: 'updated'